Nowadays, data centers use dielectric fluids as a coolant to prevent damage and downtime when leakage occurs. However, dielectric fluids typically have high viscosity and low specific heat, resulting in poor cooling performance. To improve performance while retaining the benefits of dielectric fluids, Superfluid technology has emerged and been investigated. Superfluid technology introduces air into the coolant, forming bubbles that reduce the frictional resistance in the movement of the coolant. This results in a lower boundary layer thickness and enhances the heat convection coefficient. When using a specific dielectric fluid with superfluid technology, the heat transfer capacity can achieve 66% of that of water (compared to 55% with dielectric fluid alone). This paper implemented superfluid technology on an AI server with a cold plate solution as a test platform and explored the improvements brought by superfluid technology.
